Form 5 General Studies (GS) - PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION [PDF] » Page 4 of 5

PHILOSOPHY IDEAS OF J.K. NYERERE (1922 –
1999)
He was born in April 13, 1922 at Butiama village near Musoma to a local Zanaki chief called Nyerere Burito. He was the first Prime Minister of Tanganyika and also the first president of Tanganyika and later in 1964 the first president of the United republic of Tanzania.

This is one of the most respected African freedom fighter, politician and philosopher in Tanzania. Nyerere advocated several philosophical ideas, having a visual in education as significance idea of building a strong society and civilized me:-

Nyerere philosophical ideas were: –

(i) Socialism and self reliance.

(ii) Education philosophy.

(iii)The Ujamaa philosophy (Family hood and brother hood).

Socialism and Ujamaa philosophy

(i) Members has equal right and opportunity.

(ii) All members can have peace and justice.

(iii) People have to work cooperatively and responsibly in their organized village (Ujamaa village).

(iv) Humanness was sensual than wealth in the Ujumaa philosophy.

NYERERE IDEAS ON EDUCATION FOR SELF RELIANCE

i. Education is a tool for mental liberation and it was to work for common good to promote quality.

ii. Education would address reality in life.

iii.Education would produce planner, organizer of activities and decision making in the society.

iv.Education was to produce and integrate all productive work or duties

v. Education and work would give meaningful, experience and accurate practice.

vi. Education should give confidence and critical reasoning to the learners.

vii Primary education was to be a complete system to allow productivity.

viii Primary education students were to begin at the age of 7 to allow productivity as they leave the school.

ix. Then from ignorance and impact the spirit of desire for change.

ix.There were to be adult education served or provided to people to rescue.

PRINCIPLE OF TANZANIA PHILOSOPHY

(Socialism and self reliance)

Tanzania living and believing in socialism and self reliance, philosophy is guided by the principle of peace, unity, work, love and equality.

i-PEACE: –

Is the absence of violence and chaos in the society due to different factors like undemocratic government or dictatorship government, injustice treatment and in equality, Peace is promoted by observing democratic principle like tolerance, Human right but it destructed multi practice of democracy by involving corruption mismanagement of state resource unevenly consideration of social needs and intensive social stratification.

ii LOVE

The feeling of devotion to something or someone, the state of being concerned to someone‘s intrinsically. Love is the root of patriotism in the country e.g. loving the wealth of the state and its proper utilization.

ii UNITY

The sense of togetherness of people in all they do for their own betterment, unity develop justice and equality, so removing tribalism, regionalism and social classes.

iv WORK

The legal use of physical power and labor in doing a legal activity for personal development which is beneficial to the society and state at large,Every individual must work for his own betterment and survival.

V. EQUALITY

All people are considered equal, be regarded and treated equally. Equality promotes together and cooperation in work for an improved development pressure.

RELIGION
MEANING AND NATURE OF RELIGION

Religion is a set of beliefs, faith and practices centered upon a specific super matured power i.e. God

These practices, beliefs and faith are guided by certain principles of worshiping on God or more, prayers and rituals. Religion are therefore composed of common aspects of justice devotion to God. Respect, Tolerance, faith, obedience, peace and proper morals.

TERMINOLOGIES IN RELIGION

i) DEITY OR DEISM

Is the other term of the name God while Deism is the system of terming God in different names.

(ii) MONOTHEISM

The system of believing in one God; or in existing of one God.

(iii) ANTHEISM

Is the form of faith or system of faith of opposing the existence of God. They believe in something which are different such as sun, moon, things which had nature strength.

(iv) POLYTHEISM

The form or system of believe in many gods. They believe in existence of several gods having or being less than one super God termed HENOTHEIST OR HENOTHEISTER.

(v) ANIMISM

The form of believe that people worship the nature to have superior power.

RELIGION OF THE WORLD

The world is consisted of religions that are classified according to the number of adherents and their faith Religions conches be seen in the categories of;

(i) Abrahamic Religions.

(ii) Non – Abraham Religions.

THE ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS

This part identifies the religious belief developed by the descendants of Abraham. This category included the Christianity, Islamic and Judaism.

Analysis of ABRAHAMIC Religions

a) Christians – 2.2 bills adherents.

b) Islamic – 1.6.bills adherents.

c) Judaism – 14 mills adherents.

COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS

– Monotheism (believes in one god).

– Conversion of non – believers.

– Conformity to the seven days cycle.

– Trust in Holly scriptures

e.g. – Bible – Christians

Qur’an – Islamic

Tanakh – Judaism

– Belief in resurrection of the dead

– Final Judgement.

– Divine revelation.

– Common stories.

– Belief in the kingdom of God on earth.

THE NON ABRAHAM

The believer is the world having different forms of beliefs and characteristics from the Abraham’s. These are such as the Hinduism, the Shinto Confucianism, Buddhism, Satanism etc

Their different beliefs are such as

– Belief in multiple Gods.

– No final judgement day.

– No resurrection of the dead.

– No specific days for worship etc

N.B;

The non- Abrahamic religions are now connected to involve other new forms of religions existing with apposition of the old for of beliefs.

Form 5 General Studies (GS) – PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION

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